Alloy 690 INCONEL® 690 – W. Nr. 2.4642 / UNS N06690 / ASTM B166, B167, B564
Alloy 690 INCONEL® 690
Alloy 690 INCONEL® 690 is a nickel-chromium based alloy with excellent corrosion resistance in aggressive aqueous environments and at high temperatures. Thanks to its high chromium content (27-31%), the alloy offers superior resistance to oxidizing gases at high temperatures and to oxidizing acids, such as nitric acid. The high nickel content (min. 58%) ensures excellent resistance to chloride stress corrosion cracking and attack by alkaline hydroxides.
This combination of properties makes INCONEL® 690 ideal for applications in chemically aggressive environments, such as nuclear power generation, the chemical and petrochemical industry, as well as in industrial furnaces and incinerators.
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Reference standards:
- ASTM B166 (bars and wires)
- ASTM B167 (seamless tubes)
- ASTM B564 (flanges and forgings)
Chemical composition (%)
| Element | Content (%) |
|---|---|
| Nickel (Ni) | 58.0 min |
| Chromium (Cr) | 27.0 – 31.0 |
| Iron (Fe) | 7.0 – 11.0 |
| Carbon (C) | 0.05 max |
| Silicon (Si) | 0.50 max |
| Manganese (Mn) | 0.50 max |
| Sulfur (S) | 0.015 max |
| Copper (Cu) | 0.50 max |
Mechanical properties
| Temperature (°C) | Tensile strength (MPa) | Yield strength (MPa) | Elongation (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20 | 648 – 758 | 282 – 461 | 39 – 52 |
| 600 | 450 | 176 | 25 |
| 800 | 369 | 149 | 22 |
| 1000 | 319 | 124 | 18 |
Heat treatments
- Standard annealing: 1040°C with rapid cooling in air or water to maintain corrosion resistance.
- Hot forming: Working temperature between 1040 and 1230°C, with subsequent cooling to ensure metallurgical stability.
- Cold forming: Can be worked using the same techniques as other INCONEL® alloys, although it requires slightly higher forces.
Available forms
INCONEL® Alloy 690 is available in the following forms:
Industrial applications
Thanks to its exceptional corrosion resistance and stability at high temperatures, INCONEL® 690 finds application in the following sectors:
- Aerospace and Defence: Components for heat treatment furnaces and oxidizing environments.
- Power Generation: Tubing and heat exchangers for nuclear plants and steam generators.
- Chemical and Pharmaceutical Industry: Reactors and tanks for aggressive oxidizing acids.
- Motorsport: Exhaust systems and manifolds exposed to high temperatures.
- Nuclear: Components for heat exchangers in nuclear power plants and fuel reprocessing facilities.
- Oil & Gas: Refining plants, incinerators and heat recovery systems.
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