Alloy 400 MONEL® 400 – W. Nr. 2.4360, 2.4361 / UNS N04400 / ASTM B127, B164, B564
Alloy 400 MONEL® 400
Alloy 400 MONEL® 400 is a solid-solution nickel-copper alloy, renowned for its excellent corrosion resistance and toughness across a wide temperature range. The alloy can only be hardened by cold working and offers high mechanical strength and robustness even at cryogenic temperatures.
The alloy is highly resistant to corrosion in multiple environments, including marine, chemical, and oil and gas processing. Thanks to its versatility, MONEL® 400 is used in a wide range of industrial applications, including valves, pumps, drive shafts, tanks, heat exchangers, and electronic components.
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Reference standards:
- ASTM B127 (sheets and strips)
- ASTM B164 (bars and wires)
- ASTM B564 (flanges and forgings)
- NACE MR0175 (Oil & Gas)
Chemical composition (%)
| Element | Content (%) |
|---|---|
| Nickel (Ni) + Cobalt (Co) | 63.0 min |
| Copper (Cu) | 28.0 – 34.0 |
| Iron (Fe) | 2.5 max |
| Manganese (Mn) | 2.0 max |
| Carbon (C) | 0.3 max |
| Silicon (Si) | 0.5 max |
| Sulphur (S) | 0.024 max |
Mechanical properties
| Temperature (°C) | Tensile strength (MPa) | Yield strength (MPa) | Elongation (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20 | 517-620 | 172-345 | 60-35 |
| 600 | 552-758 | 276-690 | 60-30 |
| 800 | 517-690 | 207-379 | 50-30 |
| 1000 | 690-827 | 379-690 | 40-22 |
Heat treatments
- Annealing: 1300-1350°C with rapid cooling in air or water.
- Stress-Relieving: 1000-1050°C for 1-2 hours with slow cooling to reduce residual stresses.
- Annealing for cold working: 1600-1800°F (871-982°C) for 2-10 minutes.
Available forms
MONEL® Alloy 400 is available in the following forms:
Industrial applications
Thanks to its excellent corrosion resistance and robustness, MONEL® 400 is used in various sectors:
- Aerospace and Defence: Components for exhaust systems and corrosion-resistant drive shafts.
- Power Generation: Heat exchangers and piping resistant to marine and corrosive environments.
- Chemical and Pharmaceutical Industry: Tanks for acid treatment, chemical transport systems.
- Motorsport: High-performance components exposed to high temperatures.
- Nuclear: Structural components and heat exchangers.
- Oil & Gas: Piping for transporting corrosive hydrocarbons, valves, flanges, and subsea components.
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